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Med. Pr. 2012;63(6):659-666

POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND SOLUBLE ORGANIC FRACTION IN FINE PARTICLES FROM SOLID FRACTION OF BIODIESEL EXHAUST FUMES

WIELOPIERŚCIENIOWE WĘGLOWODORY AROMATYCZNE

Małgorzata Szewczyńska, Małgorzata Pośniak

Abstract

Background: This paper presents the results of investigations into the distribution of fine particles in the biodiesel exhaust fumes (bio-DEP), as well as into the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soluble organic fraction (SOF) in the study fractions. Material and Methods: Samples of biodiesel B20 and B40 exhaust combustion fumes were generated at the model station composed of a diesel engine from Diesel TDI 2007 Volkswagen. Sioutas Personal Cascade Impactor (SPCI) with Teflon filters and lowpressure impactor ELPI (Dekati Low Pressure Impactor) were used for sampling diesel exhaust fine particles. The analysis of PAHs adsorbed on particulate fractions was performed by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FL). For the determination of dry residue soluble organic fraction of biodiesel exhaust particles the gravimetric method was used. Results: The combustion exhaust fumes of 100% ON contained mainly naphthalene, acenaphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene, whilst the exhaust of B40 - single PAHs of 4 and 5 rings, such as chrysene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, dibenzo (ah)anthracene and benzo(ghi)perylene. The total content of PAHs in diesel exhaust particles averaged 910 ng/m3 for 100% ON and 340 ng/m3 for B40. The concentrations of benzo(a)antarcene were at the levels of 310 ng/m3 (100% ON) and 90 ng/m3 (B40). Conclusions: The investigations indicated that a fraction < 025 μm represents the main component of diesel exhaust particles, regardless of the used fuel. Bioester B100 commonly added to diesel fuel (ON) causes a reduction of the total particulates emission and thus reduces the amount of toxic substances adsorbed on their surface. Med Pr 2012;63(6):659-666

Key words

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, soluble organic fraction, fine particles, biodiesel exhaust fumes